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Astigmatism
A condition where the image falling on the retina is
not equal in all meridians, causing blurring. It is caused by
either the front or back of the eye being non-spherical (i.e.
instead of being round, the surfaces may be shaped more like a
rugby ball). This prevents the rays from forming a sharp focus.
Generally the condition is simply corrected by the use of astigmatic
or toric lenses which themselves have different powers over their
surface correcting the fault within the eye. Astigmatism can equally
affect both Myopic or Hyperopic patients. |
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Detached
Retina
A
condition in which part of the Retina (the layer within the eye
which receives the image) becomes separated or detached from the
inside of the eye. Symptoms include a sudden loss of vision over
the area of vision affected. The condition is more common in myopic
patients and the elderly. Prompt treatment involving laser surgery
can often correct the condition, although patients generally suffer
some permanent reduction in their visual field. |
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Diabetes
This can often be detected in an eye examination and
the patient referred to their GP for treatment. Apart from the general
effects of the condition, Diabetes if left untreated can cause major
complications in the eye, particularly in later life and for this
reason diagnosed patients are entitled to go for eye tests
and treatments.
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Glaucoma
An eye disease displaying an increase in the pressure
within the eye (intraocular pressure) which, if untreated, can
cause loss of vision and potentially blindness in the affected
eye. During an eye examination, patients may be tested for signs
of this condition. Patients who have direct family members suffering
from this condition should have routine examinations on a regular
basis (at least every 12 months). |
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Hypermetropia
(Long Sighted)
A condition of the eye in which
distant objects are focused behind the retina when the eye is
in a relaxed state (see Accommodation) causing vision to be blurred.
People with this condition are also known as, Hyperopic, Long
sighted or Far sighted. The condition is corrected by the use
of positive powered lenses. |
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Iritis
A painful condition typified by swelling of the Iris (the
circular coloured section of the eye surrounding the pupil). Symptoms
include blurring and loss of vision. The condition is treatable
with medication. |
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Keratoconus
Patients suffering from Keratoconus have a thinning
of the central portion of the cornea causing the cornea to adopt
a slight cone shape. This prevents the formation of a sharp retinal
image, causing blurring of vision. This condition is generally
corrected with the use of contact lenses. |
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Long
Sighted
(see Hypermetropia ) |
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Macular Degeneration (ARMD
– Age Related Macular Degeneration)
A condition affecting mainly the
elderly in which the vision becomes progressively impaired, generally
in both eyes. It is caused by a degeneration of the receptors
of the eye and affects mainly the central areas of vision. Treatment
is normally restricted to the use of Low Visual Aids (powerful
forms of magnifying lenses) but in some forms of disease, treatment
by laser can arrest the condition. |
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Myopia
(short sighted)
The condition of the eye in which
distant objects are focused in front of the retina when the eye
is in a relaxed state (see Accommodation), causing the image to
be blurred. People with this condition are also known as, Short
sighted or Near sighted. The condition is corrected by the use
of negative powered lenses. |
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Presbyopia
With increasing age the eye becomes less flexible
and is unable to deliver the amount of extra positive power to
view close objects (see Accommodation). This extra power is generally
delivered by supplying the patient with reading glasses or alternatively
a bifocal or varifocal lens, which will ensure sharp vision for
both distance and reading. |
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Short
sighted (see Myopia) |
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Strabismus
(squint)
Patients
suffering from this condition have difficulty in fusing the images
within each eye to produce a single image. This can cause double
vision and in certain cases the two eyes will not appear to be
looking in the same position. The condition can often be corrected
by the use of spectacles, particularly in young children, together
with ocular exercises. However, in some cases a simple surgical
procedure is necessary. |
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See
the various locations that deseases/defects that affecting our Eye |
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